Политика и практика в области репатриации и реинтеграции мигрантов в регионе АСЕАН
Научная статья
Выражение признательности
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и ВАОН № 20-511-92002 «Стратегия России на образовательных рынках стран Юго-Восточной Азии: оценка социально-демографического потенциала и направления государственной политики»
Для цитирования
Чан Нгуен Ф. Т. Политика и практика в области репатриации и реинтеграции мигрантов в регионе АСЕАН // ДЕМИС. Демографические исследования. 2023. Том 3. № 2. С. 40-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2023.3.2.3 EDN: ALHWRI
Аннотация
Одним из важнейших прав человека, закрепленных во Всеобщей декларации прав человека и Международной конвенции о защите прав всех трудящихся-мигрантов и членов их семей, является право на гражданство. Процесс репатриации мигрантов и их реинтеграция в общество на родине вызывает все больший интерес у специалистов по миграционной политике, так как этот процесс тесно связан с повесткой «миграции и развития». Цикл трудовой миграции всегда включает три важных этапа: отъезд, работу и проживание за границей, репатриацию. Страны-доноры прилагают большие усилия для стимулирования возвращения на родину трудовых мигрантов: государствами реализуются программы поддержки репатриации и реинтеграции в местное сообщество после возвращения домой. Базу настоящего исследования составляют определяющие положения программ реинтеграции для вернувшихся на родину мигрантов. Исходя из этого, была сформирована цель исследования: выявить общие принципы и условия программ поддержки для работников, возвращающихся в страну происхождения. Для достижения поставленной исследовательской задачи автор выделяет успешные практики и недостатки некоторых таких программ, реализуемых в АСЕАН. Новизну результатов исследования определяют предложенные автором рекомендации по совершенствованию программ поддержки для трудовых мигрантов, возвращающихся на родину и реинтегрирующихся в общество на современном этапе.
Ключевые слова:
миграция, репатриация, реинтеграция, программы поддержки, АСЕАН, трудовые мигранты
Литература
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23. Returnee Migrants: A ready workforce – How Returnee Migrants Can Become Active Economic Agents. Geneva : International Labour Office, 2015. 17 p.
24. Debanath, P. Leveraging Return Migration for Development: The Role of Countries of Origin. A Literature Review. Washington, DC : Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD), 2016. xi, 67 p.
25. United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. The Return of International Labour Migrants in the ESCAP Region. International Migration. 1986. Vol. 24, No. 1. P. 129–145. DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2435.1986.tb00106.x.
26. Go, S. P. The Philippines and Return Migration: Rapid Appraisal of the Return and Reintegration Policies and Service Delivery. Manila : International Labour Office, 2012. 28 p. ISBN 978-92-2-126109-4.
27. Mindarti, L. I. The Empowerment of Post-Indonesian Migrant Workers’ Family Through a Productive Migrant Village Program (Desmigratif) / L. I. Mindarti, F. Anggraeni. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Vol. 154. P. 31–38. DOI 10.2991/aebmr.k.201116.006.
28. Cho, Y. Bilateral Arrangement of Temporary Labor Migration: Lessons from Korea’s Employment Permit System / Y. Cho, A. Denisova, S. Yi, U. Khadka. Washington D.C. : World Bank Group, 2018. 87 p.
2. United Nations Statistic Division. Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration, Revision 1. New York : United Nations, 1998. iii, 95 p. ISBN 92-1-161408-2.
3. International Labour Office Department of Statistics. Guidelines Concerning Statistics of International Labour Migration. 20th International Conference of Labour Statisticians. Geneva, 10–19 October 2018. Geneva : International Labour Office, 2018. 20 p.
4. Wilson, P. Expert Meeting on Protecting the Human Rights of Migrants in the Context of Return. Background Paper. Geneva : United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2018. 14 p.
5. González Morales, F. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants. New York : United Nations General Assembly, 2022. 23 p.
6. International Migration Law No. 34 – Glossary on Migration. Geneva : International Organization for Migration, 2019. 248 p. ISSN 1813-2278.
7. Reintegration and Development / J.-P. Cassarino (ed.) ; Return Migration and Development Platform (RDP), CRIS, Analytical Study. Fiesole : European University Institute, 2014. 187 p.
8. Koser, K. Comparative Research on Assisted Voluntary Return / K. Koser, K. Kuschminder. Geneva : International Organization for Migration, 2015. 343 p.
9. Bernas, J. C. L. A Typology of OFWs Returning Home: A Survey Study on the Return and Reintegration of OFWs. Manila : Institute for Labor Studies, 2016. 48 p.
10. Hatsukano, N. Returned Migrant Workers in Cambodia: Motivations for Moving and Economic Reintegration, in: Rethinking Migration Governance in the Mekong Region: From the Perspective of the Migrant Workers and Their Employer / N. Hatsukano (ed.) ; Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization (IDE-JETRO). Jakarta : ERIA, 2019. P. 57–72.
11. Harkins, B. Risks and Rewards: Outcomes of Labour Migration in South-East Asia / B. Harkins, D. Lindgren, T. Suravoranon. Bangkok : International Labour Organization, International Organization for Migration, 2017. 116 p. ISBN 978-92-2-131411-0.
12. Flow Monitoring Surveys: Insights into the Profiles and Vulnerabilities of Myanmar Migrants to Thailand. Bangkok : International Organization for Migration, 2018. 56 p.
13. Harkins, B. Review of Labour Migration Policy in Malaysia / Tripartite Action to Enhance the Contribution of Labour Migration to Growth and Development in ASEAN (TRIANGLE II Project), ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok : International Labour Organization, 2016. v, 30 p. ISBN 9789221307853.
14. Hart, L. Reintegration, Effective Approaches / L. Hart, A. Fonseca, S. Klink. Geneva : International Organization for Migration, 2015. 39 p.
15. Newland, K. Balancing Acts: Policy Frameworks for Migrant Return and Reintegration / K. Newland, B. Salant. Towards a Global Compact for Migration: A Development Perspective – A Series to Inform the Debate, Issue No. 6. Washington DC : Migration Policy Institute, 2018. 26 p.
16. Nguyen, A. Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration 2017 Key Highlights / A. Nguyen, N. Graviano, N. Darbellay, E. Quillet, R. Keirstead, Y. Lee. Geneva : International Organization for Migration, 2018. 77 p.
17. Rashid, S. R. A Framework of Services for Reintegration and Remigration of International Labour Migrants from Bangladesh / S. R. Rashid, A. A. Ashraf. Dhaka : International Organization for Migration, 2018. 52 p.
18. Bachtiar, P. P. Return Migration and Various Reintegration Programs for Low-Skilled Migrant Workers in Indonesia / P. P. Bachtiar, D. D. Prasetyo. Jakarta : SMERU Research Institute, 2017. 49 p.
19. ASEAN Consensus on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers. Jakarta : ASEAN Secretariat, 2018. 48 p. ISBN 9786026392992.
20. Wickramasekara, P. Effective Return and Reintegration of Migrant Workers with Special Focus on ASEAN Member States. Bangkok : ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 2019. 36 p. ISBN 978-92-2-134063-8.
21. Returning Vietnamese Migrant Workers: Policy and Practice / Department of Overseas Labour (DoLAB), Ministry of Labour – Invalids and Social Affairs, Vietnam ; International Organization for Migration. Hanoi : DoLAB, 2014. 62 p.
22. Haase, M. Return Migration and Reintegration Policies: A Primer / M. Haase, P. Honerath ; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, German Marshall Fund of the United States. Berlin, 2016. 14 p.
23. Returnee Migrants: A ready workforce – How Returnee Migrants Can Become Active Economic Agents. Geneva : International Labour Office, 2015. 17 p.
24. Debanath, P. Leveraging Return Migration for Development: The Role of Countries of Origin. A Literature Review. Washington, DC : Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD), 2016. xi, 67 p.
25. United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. The Return of International Labour Migrants in the ESCAP Region. International Migration. 1986. Vol. 24, No. 1. P. 129–145. DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2435.1986.tb00106.x.
26. Go, S. P. The Philippines and Return Migration: Rapid Appraisal of the Return and Reintegration Policies and Service Delivery. Manila : International Labour Office, 2012. 28 p. ISBN 978-92-2-126109-4.
27. Mindarti, L. I. The Empowerment of Post-Indonesian Migrant Workers’ Family Through a Productive Migrant Village Program (Desmigratif) / L. I. Mindarti, F. Anggraeni. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Vol. 154. P. 31–38. DOI 10.2991/aebmr.k.201116.006.
28. Cho, Y. Bilateral Arrangement of Temporary Labor Migration: Lessons from Korea’s Employment Permit System / Y. Cho, A. Denisova, S. Yi, U. Khadka. Washington D.C. : World Bank Group, 2018. 87 p.
Статья
Поступила: 06.03.2023
Опубликована: 30.06.2023
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Чан Нгуен, Ф. Т. (2023). Политика и практика в области репатриации и реинтеграции мигрантов в регионе АСЕАН. ДЕМИС. Демографические исследования, 3(2), 40-54. https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2023.3.2.3
Раздел
Экономическая демография
