Interregional Migration of Youth in the Russian Federation
Research Article
How to Cite
Dozhdikov A.V. Interregional Migration of Youth in the Russian Federation. DEMIS. Demographic Research. 2024. Vol. 4. No. 3. P. 119-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2024.4.3.8 (in Russ.).
Abstract
The subject of the study is interregional migration of young people in the Russian Federation during the period of obtaining higher education; The topic of the study is the change in the migration attractiveness of regions for higher education; research hypothesis: there has been a change in the centers of gravity of migration flows and the status of regions from 2017 to 2020 and 2023 due to the impact of the pandemic and government measures to increase the attractiveness of universities in the regions. Source data includes official government statistics for the period from 2017 to 2023. The article identifies limitations on the use of this source (migration of 18-year-olds and migration of 21-year-olds is not identical to direct and return educational migration) and formulates a thesis about the need to use aggregated data of «digital traces» of applicants and graduates and federal information systems. An assessment of changes in the status of regions for 2017, 2020 and 2023 was carried out. The study makes assumptions about the possibility of using tools for objective monitoring of interregional educational migration of applicants to improve the work of universities. It is necessary to concentrate the efforts of the regional authorities of the «donor» region and the regional university community on first obtaining «transit» status for the university and the region, followed by transition to the «acceptor» category. For 2017, the author identified 12 «acceptor» territories, 59 «donor territories» (the rest were mixed and intermediate forms). In 2020, there were only 30 «donors», 12 «acceptors», 37 – they reached conditional «balance» positions – this is how the COVID-2019 pandemic affected interregional migration. In 2023, there were 12 «acceptors» in the Russian Federation (the list has changed slightly), the number of «donors» was 46, 21 territories reached a «balance» state, the rest still belong to intermediate types.
Keywords:
youth interregional migration, educational migration, migration donors, migration acceptors, transit universities, university management, return migration
References
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22. Kozlov, D. V. Gde uchit'sya i gde rabotat': mezhregional'naya mobil'nost' studentov i vypusknikov universitetov [Where to study and where to work: interregional mobility of students and university graduates] / D. V. Kozlov, D. P. Platonova, O. V. Leshukov. Sovremennaya analitika obrazovaniya [Modern education analytics]. 2017. No. 4 (12). Pp. 4–28. (In Russ.).
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24. Kozlova, K. S. Problems of Youth Migration in the Context of Implementation of the State Youth Policy in Primorsky Krai / K. S. Kozlova, V. A. Andreev, E. V. Sultanova. Fundamental Research. 2021. No. 10. Pp. 43–48. DOI 10.17513/fr.43107. (In Russ.).
25. Nekrasov, N. A. Social Responsibility of Private Companies and Prevention of Youth Migration in the Region of Presence. Forum of Young Scientists. 2019. No. 12 (40). Pp. 624–633. (In Russ.).
26. Bondarev, I. V. Youth Policy of the Kaluga Region as a Tool to Keep Youth in the Region: Condition, Problems and Perspectives. Humanitarian accent. 2022. No. 2. Pp. 11–20. (In Russ.).
27. Gemadeeva, Yu. E. Socio-Economic Policy for the Consolidation of Youth in Rural Areas in the Republic of Tatarstan. Economics and management: problems, solutions. 2023. Vol. 4, No. 2 (134). Pp. 90–94. DOI 10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.02.04.011. (In Russ.).
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29. Zakharova, I.V. Containing interregional educational migration: the role of universities / I.V. Zakharova. Higher education in Russia. 2019. Vol. 28, No. 7. Pp. 71–84. DOI 10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-7-71-84. (In Russ.).
30. Petrova, M. D. Migration Youth Policy: To Definition of the Concept “Regional Loyalty” / M. D. Petrova, E. V. Malkova. Social and Humanitarian Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2019. No. 1 (3). Pp. 238–250. (In Russ.).
31. Alekseev, S. V. Youth Policy as a Mechanism of Youth Potential Development in the Modern World. PolitBook. 2022. No. 4. Pp. 43–56. (In Russ.).
32. Sannikova, O. V. Transit University as a Factor of Interregional Educational Migration / O. V. Sannikova, V. Yu. Khotinets. Bulletin of the Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy. 2017. Vol. 27, No. 1.Pp. 41–45. (In Russ.).
33. Gabdrakhmanov, N. K. Educational Migration of Young People and Optimization of the Network of Universities in Cities of Different Sizes / N. K. Gabdrakhmanov, L. B. Karachurina, N. V. Mkrtchyan, O. V. Leshukov. Educational Studies. 2022. No. 2. Pp. 88–116. DOI 10.17323/1814-9545-2022-2-88-116. (In Russ.).
34. Klyachko, T. L. Educational Migration: Driving Factors / T. L. Klyachko, E. A. Semionova. Economic Development of Russia. 2021. Vol. 28, No. 12. Pp. 60–63. (In Russ.).
35. Islakaeva, G. R. Educational Interregional Migration: Causes and Socioeconomic Consequences. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2016. No. 3 (201). Pp. 77–88. (In Russ.).
36. Mityagina, E. V. A Study of University Graduates’ Migration in Regions with High Migration Outflow: A Digital Footprint Analysis / E. V. Mityagina, E. V. Konyshev, K. A. Chernyshev, E. R. Saifulin. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. 2021. No. 467. Pp. 144–155. DOI 10.17223/15617793/467/18. (In Russ.).
37. Gabdrakhmanov, N. K. Migration Behavior of Russian University Students Based on Digital Footprint Data / N. K. Gabdrakhmanov, V. V. Orlova, Yu. K. Aleksandrova. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. 2021. No. 467. Pp. 106–114. DOI 10.17223/15617793/467/14. (In Russ.).
2. Korepina, T. A. Place and Role of Educational Migration in the General Classification of Types of Migration Movement of the Population. Vestnik NSUEM. 2018. No. 3.Pp. 65–77. (In Russ.).
3. Pitoukhin, E. A. Analysis of Inter-Regional Mobility of School-Leavers Entering to Universities / E. A. Pitoukhin, A. A. Semenov. University Management: Practice and Analysis. 2011. No. 3 (73). Pp. 82–89. (In Russ.).
4. Vereshchagina, A. V. Intellectual Security of Russia in Terms of Science and Educational Crysis and Growth of Social Inequality / A. V. Vereshchagina, S. I. Samygin, S. I. Imgrunt. Humanities of the South of Russia. 2016. Vol. 18, No. 2. Pp. 52–65. (In Russ.).
5. Ataeva, A. G. Modern Trends and Factors of Inter-Regional Migration of Youth in Russia / A. G. Ataeva, A. G. Ulyaeva. Tomsk State University Journal of Economy. 2018. No. 44. Pp. 38–57. DOI 10.17223/19988648/44/2. (In Russ.).
6. Varshavskaya, E. Ya. Migration Intentions of Graduates of Russia’s Regional Higher Educational Institutions / E. Ya. Varshavskaya, O. S. Chudinovskikh. Moscow University Economic Bulletin. 2014. No. 3.Pp. 36–58. (In Russ.).
7. Zakharova, I. V. The Role of Universities in Curbing Interregional Educational Migration. Higher Education in Russia. 2019. Vol. 28, No. 7. Pp. 71–84. DOI 10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-7-71-84. (In Russ.).
8. Pitukhin, E. A. Educational Migration in Russians Regions: Statistical Approach / E. A. Pitukhin, O. A. Zyateva, L. V. Shchegoleva, V. E. Sokolov. Higher Education in Russia. 2023. Vol. 32, No. 8–9. Pp. 48–69. DOI 10.31992/0869-3617-2023-32-8-9-48-69. (In Russ.).
9. Artemenkov, M. N. Transformation of School Graduates’ Educational Strategies in the Context of Coronavirus COVID-19: Regional Dimension / M. N. Artemenkov, E. E. Sukhova. Regional’nye Issledovaniya [Regional studies]. 2020. No. 2 (68). Pp. 111–120. DOI 10.5922/1994-5280-2020-2-9. (In Russ.).
10. Vishnevsky, A. G. Demograficheskiye vyzovy Rossii. Chast' tret'ya – migratsiya [Demographic challenges of Russia. Part three – migration] / A. G. Vishnevsky, M. B. Denisenko, Zh. A. Zayonchkovskaya, N. V. Mkrtchyan. Demoscope Weekly. 2017. No. 753–754. Pp. 1–10. (In Russ.).
11. Vorobyova, O. D. Historical Aspects and Modern Features of Internal Migration in Russia / O. D. Vorobyova, A. A. Subbotin. Living Standards of the Population of Russian Regions. 2021. Vol. 17, No. 1. Pp. 32–41. DOI 10.19181/lsprr.2021.17.1.3. (In Russ.).
12. Pitukhin, E. A. Inter-Regional Migration of Educational Graduates in the Russian Federation / E. A. Pitukhin, A. A. Semenov. Economics and Management. 2014. No. 7 (105). Pp. 64–69. (In Russ.).
13. Nikiporets-Takigawa, G. Yu. K voprosu o vzaimoobuslovlennosti molodezhnoy politiki i migratsionnykh potokov v Rossii [On the issue of the interdependence of youth policy and migration flows in Russia] / G. Yu. Nikiporets-Takigawa, A. A. Mikhalenko, A. Yu. Muzalevskaya. Issues of National and Federal Relations. 2018. Vol. 8, No. 1 (40). Pp. 76–85. (In Russ.).
14. Kalashnikova, S. K. Heuristic Potential of Applaying the Assessment Index to Regional Public Programs in the Field of Youth Policy / S. K. Kalashnikova, I. I. Andriiv. RUDN Journal of Political Science. 2023. Vol. 25, No. 2. Pp. 486–499. DOI 10.22363/2313-1438-2023-25-2-486-499. (In Russ.).
15. Razzakov, D. I. Relationship of University Ranking with Interregional Educational Migration in Russia. Vestnik nauki [Bulletin of Science]. 2022. Vol. 3, No. 12 (57). Pp. 225–231. (In Russ.).
16. Klyachko, T. L. Migration Mobility of Russian Youth is Justified by Educational Priorities / T. L. Klyachko, E. A. Semionova. Economic Development of Russia. 2021. Vol. 28, No. 10. Pp. 61–63. (In Russ.).
17. Tropynina, N. E. Trends and Causes of Interregional Educational Migration on the Example of Zabaikalsky Krai / N. E. Tropynina, B. B. Nimaeva. Innovatsionnaya ekonomika: perspektivy razvitiya i sovershenstvovaniya [Innovative economics: prospects for development and improvement]. 2018. Vol. 2, No. 7 (33). Pp. 197–201. (In Russ.).
18. Garafiev, I. Z. Typology of Centers of Interregional Educational Mobility in the Higher Education System of the Russian Federation. Theory and Practice of Social Development. 2023. No. 12 (188). Pp. 91–97. DOI 10.24158/tipor.2023.12.9. (In Russ.).
19. Gabdrakhmanova, G. F. The University and City Images for Migration of Nonresident Students: A Regional Case. Higher Education in Russia. 2023. Vol. 32, No. 6. Pp. 116–138. DOI 10.31992/0869-3617-2023-32-6-116-138. (In Russ.).
20. Chernyshev, K. A. Educational Migration in Siberia: Research Based on Social Network Data / K. A. Chernyshev, T. R. Miryazov, E. Yu. Petrov. Geographical Bulletin. 2023. No. 4 (67). Pp. 41–51. DOI 10.17072/2079-7877-2023-4-41-51. (In Russ.)
21. Dozhdikov, A. V. Educational Migration in the Republic of Mordovia. Russian Journal of Regional Studies. 2023. Vol. 31, No. 1 (122). Pp. 182–198. DOI 10.15507/2413-1407.122.031.202301.182-198. (In Russ.).
22. Kozlov, D. V. Gde uchit'sya i gde rabotat': mezhregional'naya mobil'nost' studentov i vypusknikov universitetov [Where to study and where to work: interregional mobility of students and university graduates] / D. V. Kozlov, D. P. Platonova, O. V. Leshukov. Sovremennaya analitika obrazovaniya [Modern education analytics]. 2017. No. 4 (12). Pp. 4–28. (In Russ.).
23. Gabdrakhmanov, N. K. Educational Migration of Youth in Russia / N. K. Gabdrakhmanov, N. Yu. Nikiforova, O. V. Leshukov. Sovremennaya analitika obrazovaniya [Modern education analytics]. 2019. No. 5 (26). Pp. 4–42. (In Russ.).
24. Kozlova, K. S. Problems of Youth Migration in the Context of Implementation of the State Youth Policy in Primorsky Krai / K. S. Kozlova, V. A. Andreev, E. V. Sultanova. Fundamental Research. 2021. No. 10. Pp. 43–48. DOI 10.17513/fr.43107. (In Russ.).
25. Nekrasov, N. A. Social Responsibility of Private Companies and Prevention of Youth Migration in the Region of Presence. Forum of Young Scientists. 2019. No. 12 (40). Pp. 624–633. (In Russ.).
26. Bondarev, I. V. Youth Policy of the Kaluga Region as a Tool to Keep Youth in the Region: Condition, Problems and Perspectives. Humanitarian accent. 2022. No. 2. Pp. 11–20. (In Russ.).
27. Gemadeeva, Yu. E. Socio-Economic Policy for the Consolidation of Youth in Rural Areas in the Republic of Tatarstan. Economics and management: problems, solutions. 2023. Vol. 4, No. 2 (134). Pp. 90–94. DOI 10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.02.04.011. (In Russ.).
28. Okorokova, M. P. Development of the Human Capital of Youth Within the Framework of the Development Strategy of Municipality (Based on Materials of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) / M. P. Okorokova, T. A. Maksimova. Society: Politics, Economics, Law. 2019. No. 11 (76). Pp. 48–52. DOI 10.24158/pep.2019.11.7. (In Russ.).
29. Zakharova, I.V. Containing interregional educational migration: the role of universities / I.V. Zakharova. Higher education in Russia. 2019. Vol. 28, No. 7. Pp. 71–84. DOI 10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-7-71-84. (In Russ.).
30. Petrova, M. D. Migration Youth Policy: To Definition of the Concept “Regional Loyalty” / M. D. Petrova, E. V. Malkova. Social and Humanitarian Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2019. No. 1 (3). Pp. 238–250. (In Russ.).
31. Alekseev, S. V. Youth Policy as a Mechanism of Youth Potential Development in the Modern World. PolitBook. 2022. No. 4. Pp. 43–56. (In Russ.).
32. Sannikova, O. V. Transit University as a Factor of Interregional Educational Migration / O. V. Sannikova, V. Yu. Khotinets. Bulletin of the Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy. 2017. Vol. 27, No. 1.Pp. 41–45. (In Russ.).
33. Gabdrakhmanov, N. K. Educational Migration of Young People and Optimization of the Network of Universities in Cities of Different Sizes / N. K. Gabdrakhmanov, L. B. Karachurina, N. V. Mkrtchyan, O. V. Leshukov. Educational Studies. 2022. No. 2. Pp. 88–116. DOI 10.17323/1814-9545-2022-2-88-116. (In Russ.).
34. Klyachko, T. L. Educational Migration: Driving Factors / T. L. Klyachko, E. A. Semionova. Economic Development of Russia. 2021. Vol. 28, No. 12. Pp. 60–63. (In Russ.).
35. Islakaeva, G. R. Educational Interregional Migration: Causes and Socioeconomic Consequences. Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia. 2016. No. 3 (201). Pp. 77–88. (In Russ.).
36. Mityagina, E. V. A Study of University Graduates’ Migration in Regions with High Migration Outflow: A Digital Footprint Analysis / E. V. Mityagina, E. V. Konyshev, K. A. Chernyshev, E. R. Saifulin. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. 2021. No. 467. Pp. 144–155. DOI 10.17223/15617793/467/18. (In Russ.).
37. Gabdrakhmanov, N. K. Migration Behavior of Russian University Students Based on Digital Footprint Data / N. K. Gabdrakhmanov, V. V. Orlova, Yu. K. Aleksandrova. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. 2021. No. 467. Pp. 106–114. DOI 10.17223/15617793/467/14. (In Russ.).
Article
Received: 24.06.2024
Accepted: 30.09.2024
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
APA
Dozhdikov, A. V. (2024). Interregional Migration of Youth in the Russian Federation. DEMIS. Demographic Research, 4(3), 119-137. https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2024.4.3.8
Section
Demographic and Migration Policy
